Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that strengthens tooth enamel and helps prevent cavities. For children whose teeth are still developing, fluoride treatments are one of the most effective preventive tools we have.

How does fluoride work?

Fluoride works in two ways. Applied directly to the teeth (in toothpaste, rinses, or professional treatments), it strengthens enamel and makes teeth more resistant to the acids that cause decay. Consumed through water or supplements, it becomes part of developing teeth before they even break through the gums.

What happens during a fluoride treatment?

During your child's regular cleaning, we apply a concentrated fluoride varnish directly to the teeth. It takes just a few minutes, is completely painless, and your child can eat and drink shortly after. The varnish sticks to the teeth and releases fluoride over several hours for maximum protection.

Should my child avoid fluoride?

This is a question we hear often, and it's a fair one. The short answer: no. Fluoride prevents tooth decay, and at the appropriate doses, it's safe and beneficial for children. The key is getting the right amount: not too little, not too much.

Dr. Kao evaluates each child individually based on their age, cavity risk, diet, and water source. If your drinking water is fluoridated, that factors into his recommendation. If it isn't, he may suggest a supplement. You'll never get a one-size-fits-all answer here.

What about enamel fluorosis?

Enamel fluorosis can occur when young children are exposed to too much fluoride during tooth development. It typically shows up as faint white marks on the teeth. This is why Dr. Kao carefully tailors fluoride recommendations to your child's specific needs and reminds parents to use only a small smear of toothpaste for children under two and a pea-sized amount for children two to five.